Because in the case of for example
pub fn my_fn3(f: impl FnMut()) {}
we want to keep `()` even if it is empty since that matches e.g. Rust
syntax requirements.
They show up in three places: once as `Option<Box<GenericArgs>>`, once
as `Box<GenericArgs>`, and once as `GenericArgs`. The first option is
best. It is more compact because generic args are often missing. This
commit changes the latter two to the former.
Example output, before and after, for the `AssocItemConstraint` change:
```
{"name":"Offset","args":{"angle_bracketed":{"args":[],"constraints":[]}},"binding":{...}}
{"name":"Offset","args":null,"binding":{...}}
```
Example output, before and after, for the `Type::QualifiedPath` change:
```
{"qualified_path":{"name":"Offset","args":{"angle_bracketed":{"args":[],"constraints":[]}}, ...}}
{"qualified_path":{"name":"Offset","args":null, ...}}
```
This reduces JSON output size, but not by much (e.g. 0.5%), because
`AssocItemConstraint` and `Type::QualifiedPath` are uncommon.
A path without generic args, like `Reader`, currently has JSON produced
like this:
```
{"path":"Reader","id":286,"args":{"angle_bracketed":{"args":[],"constraints":[]}}}
```
Even though `types::Path::args` is `Option` and allows for "no args",
instead it gets represented as "empty args". (More like `Reader<>` than
`Reader`.)
This is due to a problem in `clean::Path::from_clean`. It only produces
`None` if the path is an empty string. This commit changes it to also
produce `None` if there are no generic args. The example above becomes:
```
{"path":"Reader","id":286,"args":null}
```
I looked at a few examples and saw this reduce the size of the JSON
output by 3-9%.
The commit also adds an assertion that non-final segments don't have any
generics; something the old code was implicitly relying on.
Note: the original sin here is that `clean::PathSegment::args` is not an
`Option`, unlike `{ast,hir}::PathSegment::args`. I want to fix that, but
it can be done separately.
