rust/compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/back/archive.rs

//! A helper class for dealing with static archives

use std::env;
use std::ffi::{c_char, c_void, CStr, CString, OsString};
use std::io;
use std::mem;
use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
use std::ptr;
use std::str;

use crate::common;
use crate::errors::{
    DlltoolFailImportLibrary, ErrorCallingDllTool, ErrorCreatingImportLibrary, ErrorWritingDEFFile,
};
use crate::llvm::archive_ro::{ArchiveRO, Child};
use crate::llvm::{self, ArchiveKind, LLVMMachineType, LLVMRustCOFFShortExport};
use rustc_codegen_ssa::back::archive::{
    get_native_object_symbols, try_extract_macho_fat_archive, ArArchiveBuilder,
    ArchiveBuildFailure, ArchiveBuilder, ArchiveBuilderBuilder, UnknownArchiveKind,
};
use tracing::trace;

use rustc_session::cstore::DllImport;
use rustc_session::Session;

/// Helper for adding many files to an archive.
#[must_use = "must call build() to finish building the archive"]
pub(crate) struct LlvmArchiveBuilder<'a> {
    sess: &'a Session,
    additions: Vec<Addition>,
}

enum Addition {
    File { path: PathBuf, name_in_archive: String },
    Archive { path: PathBuf, archive: ArchiveRO, skip: Box<dyn FnMut(&str) -> bool> },
}

impl Addition {
    fn path(&self) -> &Path {
        match self {
            Addition::File { path, .. } | Addition::Archive { path, .. } => path,
        }
    }
}

fn is_relevant_child(c: &Child<'_>) -> bool {
    match c.name() {
        Some(name) => !name.contains("SYMDEF"),
        None => false,
    }
}

/// Map machine type strings to values of LLVM's MachineTypes enum.
fn llvm_machine_type(cpu: &str) -> LLVMMachineType {
    match cpu {
        "x86_64" => LLVMMachineType::AMD64,
        "x86" => LLVMMachineType::I386,
        "aarch64" => LLVMMachineType::ARM64,
        "arm64ec" => LLVMMachineType::ARM64EC,
        "arm" => LLVMMachineType::ARM,
        _ => panic!("unsupported cpu type {cpu}"),
    }
}

impl<'a> ArchiveBuilder for LlvmArchiveBuilder<'a> {
    fn add_archive(
        &mut self,
        archive: &Path,
        skip: Box<dyn FnMut(&str) -> bool + 'static>,
    ) -> io::Result<()> {
        let mut archive = archive.to_path_buf();
        if self.sess.target.llvm_target.contains("-apple-macosx") {
            if let Some(new_archive) = try_extract_macho_fat_archive(self.sess, &archive)? {
                archive = new_archive
            }
        }
        let archive_ro = match ArchiveRO::open(&archive) {
            Ok(ar) => ar,
            Err(e) => return Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, e)),
        };
        if self.additions.iter().any(|ar| ar.path() == archive) {
            return Ok(());
        }
        self.additions.push(Addition::Archive {
            path: archive,
            archive: archive_ro,
            skip: Box::new(skip),
        });
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Adds an arbitrary file to this archive
    fn add_file(&mut self, file: &Path) {
        let name = file.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
        self.additions
            .push(Addition::File { path: file.to_path_buf(), name_in_archive: name.to_owned() });
    }

    /// Combine the provided files, rlibs, and native libraries into a single
    /// `Archive`.
    fn build(mut self: Box<Self>, output: &Path) -> bool {
        match self.build_with_llvm(output) {
            Ok(any_members) => any_members,
            Err(e) => self.sess.dcx().emit_fatal(ArchiveBuildFailure { error: e }),
        }
    }
}

pub struct LlvmArchiveBuilderBuilder;

impl ArchiveBuilderBuilder for LlvmArchiveBuilderBuilder {
    fn new_archive_builder<'a>(&self, sess: &'a Session) -> Box<dyn ArchiveBuilder + 'a> {
        // FIXME use ArArchiveBuilder on most targets again once reading thin archives is
        // implemented
        if true {
            Box::new(LlvmArchiveBuilder { sess, additions: Vec::new() })
        } else {
            Box::new(ArArchiveBuilder::new(sess, get_llvm_object_symbols))
        }
    }

    fn create_dll_import_lib(
        &self,
        sess: &Session,
        lib_name: &str,
        dll_imports: &[DllImport],
        tmpdir: &Path,
        is_direct_dependency: bool,
    ) -> PathBuf {
        let name_suffix = if is_direct_dependency { "_imports" } else { "_imports_indirect" };
        let output_path = tmpdir.join(format!("{lib_name}{name_suffix}.lib"));

        let target = &sess.target;
        let mingw_gnu_toolchain = common::is_mingw_gnu_toolchain(target);

        let import_name_and_ordinal_vector: Vec<(String, Option<u16>)> = dll_imports
            .iter()
            .map(|import: &DllImport| {
                if sess.target.arch == "x86" {
                    (
                        common::i686_decorated_name(import, mingw_gnu_toolchain, false),
                        import.ordinal(),
                    )
                } else {
                    (import.name.to_string(), import.ordinal())
                }
            })
            .collect();

        if mingw_gnu_toolchain {
            // The binutils linker used on -windows-gnu targets cannot read the import
            // libraries generated by LLVM: in our attempts, the linker produced an .EXE
            // that loaded but crashed with an AV upon calling one of the imported
            // functions. Therefore, use binutils to create the import library instead,
            // by writing a .DEF file to the temp dir and calling binutils's dlltool.
            let def_file_path = tmpdir.join(format!("{lib_name}{name_suffix}.def"));

            let def_file_content = format!(
                "EXPORTS\n{}",
                import_name_and_ordinal_vector
                    .into_iter()
                    .map(|(name, ordinal)| {
                        match ordinal {
                            Some(n) => format!("{name} @{n} NONAME"),
                            None => name,
                        }
                    })
                    .collect::<Vec<String>>()
                    .join("\n")
            );

            match std::fs::write(&def_file_path, def_file_content) {
                Ok(_) => {}
                Err(e) => {
                    sess.dcx().emit_fatal(ErrorWritingDEFFile { error: e });
                }
            };

            // --no-leading-underscore: For the `import_name_type` feature to work, we need to be
            // able to control the *exact* spelling of each of the symbols that are being imported:
            // hence we don't want `dlltool` adding leading underscores automatically.
            let dlltool = find_binutils_dlltool(sess);
            let temp_prefix = {
                let mut path = PathBuf::from(&output_path);
                path.pop();
                path.push(lib_name);
                path
            };
            // dlltool target architecture args from:
            // https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project-release-prs/blob/llvmorg-15.0.6/llvm/lib/ToolDrivers/llvm-dlltool/DlltoolDriver.cpp#L69
            let (dlltool_target_arch, dlltool_target_bitness) = match sess.target.arch.as_ref() {
                "x86_64" => ("i386:x86-64", "--64"),
                "x86" => ("i386", "--32"),
                "aarch64" => ("arm64", "--64"),
                "arm" => ("arm", "--32"),
                _ => panic!("unsupported arch {}", sess.target.arch),
            };
            let mut dlltool_cmd = std::process::Command::new(&dlltool);
            dlltool_cmd
                .arg("-d")
                .arg(def_file_path)
                .arg("-D")
                .arg(lib_name)
                .arg("-l")
                .arg(&output_path)
                .arg("-m")
                .arg(dlltool_target_arch)
                .arg("-f")
                .arg(dlltool_target_bitness)
                .arg("--no-leading-underscore")
                .arg("--temp-prefix")
                .arg(temp_prefix);

            match dlltool_cmd.output() {
                Err(e) => {
                    sess.dcx().emit_fatal(ErrorCallingDllTool {
                        dlltool_path: dlltool.to_string_lossy(),
                        error: e,
                    });
                }
                // dlltool returns '0' on failure, so check for error output instead.
                Ok(output) if !output.stderr.is_empty() => {
                    sess.dcx().emit_fatal(DlltoolFailImportLibrary {
                        dlltool_path: dlltool.to_string_lossy(),
                        dlltool_args: dlltool_cmd
                            .get_args()
                            .map(|arg| arg.to_string_lossy())
                            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                            .join(" "),
                        stdout: String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout),
                        stderr: String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr),
                    })
                }
                _ => {}
            }
        } else {
            // we've checked for \0 characters in the library name already
            let dll_name_z = CString::new(lib_name).unwrap();

            let output_path_z = rustc_fs_util::path_to_c_string(&output_path);

            trace!("invoking LLVMRustWriteImportLibrary");
            trace!("  dll_name {:#?}", dll_name_z);
            trace!("  output_path {}", output_path.display());
            trace!(
                "  import names: {}",
                dll_imports
                    .iter()
                    .map(|import| import.name.to_string())
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .join(", "),
            );

            // All import names are Rust identifiers and therefore cannot contain \0 characters.
            // FIXME: when support for #[link_name] is implemented, ensure that the import names
            // still don't contain any \0 characters. Also need to check that the names don't
            // contain substrings like " @" or "NONAME" that are keywords or otherwise reserved
            // in definition files.
            let cstring_import_name_and_ordinal_vector: Vec<(CString, Option<u16>)> =
                import_name_and_ordinal_vector
                    .into_iter()
                    .map(|(name, ordinal)| (CString::new(name).unwrap(), ordinal))
                    .collect();

            let ffi_exports: Vec<LLVMRustCOFFShortExport> = cstring_import_name_and_ordinal_vector
                .iter()
                .map(|(name_z, ordinal)| LLVMRustCOFFShortExport::new(name_z.as_ptr(), *ordinal))
                .collect();
            let result = unsafe {
                crate::llvm::LLVMRustWriteImportLibrary(
                    dll_name_z.as_ptr(),
                    output_path_z.as_ptr(),
                    ffi_exports.as_ptr(),
                    ffi_exports.len(),
                    llvm_machine_type(&sess.target.arch) as u16,
                    !sess.target.is_like_msvc,
                )
            };

            if result == crate::llvm::LLVMRustResult::Failure {
                sess.dcx().emit_fatal(ErrorCreatingImportLibrary {
                    lib_name,
                    error: llvm::last_error().unwrap_or("unknown LLVM error".to_string()),
                });
            }
        };

        output_path
    }
}

// The object crate doesn't know how to get symbols for LLVM bitcode and COFF bigobj files.
// As such we need to use LLVM for them.
#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
fn get_llvm_object_symbols(
    buf: &[u8],
    f: &mut dyn FnMut(&[u8]) -> io::Result<()>,
) -> io::Result<bool> {
    let is_bitcode = unsafe { llvm::LLVMRustIsBitcode(buf.as_ptr(), buf.len()) };

    // COFF bigobj file, msvc LTO file or import library. See
    // https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/453f27bc9/llvm/lib/BinaryFormat/Magic.cpp#L38-L51
    let is_unsupported_windows_obj_file = buf.get(0..4) == Some(b"\0\0\xFF\xFF");

    if is_bitcode || is_unsupported_windows_obj_file {
        let mut state = Box::new(f);

        let err = unsafe {
            llvm::LLVMRustGetSymbols(
                buf.as_ptr(),
                buf.len(),
                std::ptr::addr_of_mut!(*state) as *mut c_void,
                callback,
                error_callback,
            )
        };

        if err.is_null() {
            return Ok(true);
        } else {
            return Err(unsafe { *Box::from_raw(err as *mut io::Error) });
        }

        unsafe extern "C" fn callback(
            state: *mut c_void,
            symbol_name: *const c_char,
        ) -> *mut c_void {
            let f = unsafe { &mut *(state as *mut &mut dyn FnMut(&[u8]) -> io::Result<()>) };
            match f(unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(symbol_name) }.to_bytes()) {
                Ok(()) => std::ptr::null_mut(),
                Err(err) => Box::into_raw(Box::new(err)) as *mut c_void,
            }
        }

        unsafe extern "C" fn error_callback(error: *const c_char) -> *mut c_void {
            let error = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(error) };
            Box::into_raw(Box::new(io::Error::new(
                io::ErrorKind::Other,
                format!("LLVM error: {}", error.to_string_lossy()),
            ))) as *mut c_void
        }
    } else {
        get_native_object_symbols(buf, f)
    }
}

impl<'a> LlvmArchiveBuilder<'a> {
    fn build_with_llvm(&mut self, output: &Path) -> io::Result<bool> {
        let kind = &*self.sess.target.archive_format;
        let kind = kind
            .parse::<ArchiveKind>()
            .map_err(|_| kind)
            .unwrap_or_else(|kind| self.sess.dcx().emit_fatal(UnknownArchiveKind { kind }));

        let mut additions = mem::take(&mut self.additions);
        let mut strings = Vec::new();
        let mut members = Vec::new();

        let dst = CString::new(output.to_str().unwrap())?;

        unsafe {
            for addition in &mut additions {
                match addition {
                    Addition::File { path, name_in_archive } => {
                        let path = CString::new(path.to_str().unwrap())?;
                        let name = CString::new(name_in_archive.as_bytes())?;
                        members.push(llvm::LLVMRustArchiveMemberNew(
                            path.as_ptr(),
                            name.as_ptr(),
                            None,
                        ));
                        strings.push(path);
                        strings.push(name);
                    }
                    Addition::Archive { archive, skip, .. } => {
                        for child in archive.iter() {
                            let child = child.map_err(string_to_io_error)?;
                            if !is_relevant_child(&child) {
                                continue;
                            }
                            let child_name = child.name().unwrap();
                            if skip(child_name) {
                                continue;
                            }

                            // It appears that LLVM's archive writer is a little
                            // buggy if the name we pass down isn't just the
                            // filename component, so chop that off here and
                            // pass it in.
                            //
                            // See LLVM bug 25877 for more info.
                            let child_name =
                                Path::new(child_name).file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
                            let name = CString::new(child_name)?;
                            let m = llvm::LLVMRustArchiveMemberNew(
                                ptr::null(),
                                name.as_ptr(),
                                Some(child.raw),
                            );
                            members.push(m);
                            strings.push(name);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            let r = llvm::LLVMRustWriteArchive(
                dst.as_ptr(),
                members.len() as libc::size_t,
                members.as_ptr() as *const &_,
                true,
                kind,
                self.sess.target.arch == "arm64ec",
            );
            let ret = if r.into_result().is_err() {
                let err = llvm::LLVMRustGetLastError();
                let msg = if err.is_null() {
                    "failed to write archive".into()
                } else {
                    String::from_utf8_lossy(CStr::from_ptr(err).to_bytes())
                };
                Err(io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, msg))
            } else {
                Ok(!members.is_empty())
            };
            for member in members {
                llvm::LLVMRustArchiveMemberFree(member);
            }
            ret
        }
    }
}

fn string_to_io_error(s: String) -> io::Error {
    io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, format!("bad archive: {s}"))
}

fn find_binutils_dlltool(sess: &Session) -> OsString {
    assert!(sess.target.options.is_like_windows && !sess.target.options.is_like_msvc);
    if let Some(dlltool_path) = &sess.opts.cg.dlltool {
        return dlltool_path.clone().into_os_string();
    }

    let tool_name: OsString = if sess.host.options.is_like_windows {
        // If we're compiling on Windows, always use "dlltool.exe".
        "dlltool.exe"
    } else {
        // On other platforms, use the architecture-specific name.
        match sess.target.arch.as_ref() {
            "x86_64" => "x86_64-w64-mingw32-dlltool",
            "x86" => "i686-w64-mingw32-dlltool",
            "aarch64" => "aarch64-w64-mingw32-dlltool",

            // For non-standard architectures (e.g., aarch32) fallback to "dlltool".
            _ => "dlltool",
        }
    }
    .into();

    // NOTE: it's not clear how useful it is to explicitly search PATH.
    for dir in env::split_paths(&env::var_os("PATH").unwrap_or_default()) {
        let full_path = dir.join(&tool_name);
        if full_path.is_file() {
            return full_path.into_os_string();
        }
    }

    // The user didn't specify the location of the dlltool binary, and we weren't able
    // to find the appropriate one on the PATH. Just return the name of the tool
    // and let the invocation fail with a hopefully useful error message.
    tool_name
}