Support Rust arrays in Postgres (#1953)

sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/array.rs

@@ -55,6 +55,19 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<T, const N: usize> Type<Postgres> for [T; N]
+where
+    T: PgHasArrayType,
+{
+    fn type_info() -> PgTypeInfo {
+        T::array_type_info()
+    }
+
+    fn compatible(ty: &PgTypeInfo) -> bool {
+        T::array_compatible(ty)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'q, T> Encode<'q, Postgres> for Vec<T>
 where
     for<'a> &'a [T]: Encode<'q, Postgres>,
@@ -66,6 +79,16 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<'q, T, const N: usize> Encode<'q, Postgres> for [T; N]
+where
+    for<'a> &'a [T]: Encode<'q, Postgres>,
+    T: Encode<'q, Postgres>,
+{
+    fn encode_by_ref(&self, buf: &mut PgArgumentBuffer) -> IsNull {
+        self.as_slice().encode_by_ref(buf)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'q, T> Encode<'q, Postgres> for &'_ [T]
 where
     T: Encode<'q, Postgres> + Type<Postgres>,
@@ -100,6 +123,19 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+impl<'r, T, const N: usize> Decode<'r, Postgres> for [T; N]
+where
+    T: for<'a> Decode<'a, Postgres> + Type<Postgres>,
+{
+    fn decode(value: PgValueRef<'r>) -> Result<Self, BoxDynError> {
+        // This could be done more efficiently by refactoring the Vec decoding below so that it can
+        // be used for arrays and Vec.
+        let vec: Vec<T> = Decode::decode(value)?;
+        let array: [T; N] = vec.try_into().map_err(|_| "wrong number of elements")?;
+        Ok(array)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'r, T> Decode<'r, Postgres> for Vec<T>
 where
     T: for<'a> Decode<'a, Postgres> + Type<Postgres>,

sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/bytes.rs

@@ -24,6 +24,12 @@ impl PgHasArrayType for Vec<u8> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<const N: usize> PgHasArrayType for [u8; N] {
+    fn array_type_info() -> PgTypeInfo {
+        <[&[u8]] as Type<Postgres>>::type_info()
+    }
+}
+
 impl Encode<'_, Postgres> for &'_ [u8] {
     fn encode_by_ref(&self, buf: &mut PgArgumentBuffer) -> IsNull {
         buf.extend_from_slice(self);
@@ -38,6 +44,12 @@ impl Encode<'_, Postgres> for Vec<u8> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<const N: usize> Encode<'_, Postgres> for [u8; N] {
+    fn encode_by_ref(&self, buf: &mut PgArgumentBuffer) -> IsNull {
+        <&[u8] as Encode<Postgres>>::encode(self.as_slice(), buf)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'r> Decode<'r, Postgres> for &'r [u8] {
     fn decode(value: PgValueRef<'r>) -> Result<Self, BoxDynError> {
         match value.format() {
@@ -49,18 +61,33 @@ impl<'r> Decode<'r, Postgres> for &'r [u8] {
     }
 }
 
+fn text_hex_decode_input(value: PgValueRef<'_>) -> Result<&[u8], BoxDynError> {
+    // BYTEA is formatted as \x followed by hex characters
+    value
+        .as_bytes()?
+        .strip_prefix(b"\\x")
+        .ok_or("text does not start with \\x")
+        .map_err(Into::into)
+}
+
 impl Decode<'_, Postgres> for Vec<u8> {
     fn decode(value: PgValueRef<'_>) -> Result<Self, BoxDynError> {
         Ok(match value.format() {
             PgValueFormat::Binary => value.as_bytes()?.to_owned(),
-            PgValueFormat::Text => {
-                // BYTEA is formatted as \x followed by hex characters
-                let text = value
-                    .as_bytes()?
-                    .strip_prefix(b"\\x")
-                    .ok_or("text does not start with \\x")?;
-                hex::decode(text)?
-            }
+            PgValueFormat::Text => hex::decode(text_hex_decode_input(value)?)?,
         })
     }
 }
+
+impl<const N: usize> Decode<'_, Postgres> for [u8; N] {
+    fn decode(value: PgValueRef<'_>) -> Result<Self, BoxDynError> {
+        let mut bytes = [0u8; N];
+        match value.format() {
+            PgValueFormat::Binary => {
+                bytes = value.as_bytes()?.try_into()?;
+            }
+            PgValueFormat::Text => hex::decode_to_slice(text_hex_decode_input(value)?, &mut bytes)?,
+        };
+        Ok(bytes)
+    }
+}

tests/postgres/types.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ test_type!(null_vec<Vec<Option<i16>>>(Postgres,
     "array[10,NULL,50]::int2[]" == vec![Some(10_i16), None, Some(50)],
 ));
 
+test_type!(null_array<[Option<i16>; 3]>(Postgres,
+    "array[10,NULL,50]::int2[]" == vec![Some(10_i16), None, Some(50)],
+));
+
 test_type!(bool<bool>(Postgres,
     "false::boolean" == false,
     "true::boolean" == true
@@ -24,6 +28,10 @@ test_type!(bool_vec<Vec<bool>>(Postgres,
     "array[true,false,true]::bool[]" == vec![true, false, true],
 ));
 
+test_type!(bool_array<[bool; 3]>(Postgres,
+    "array[true,false,true]::bool[]" == vec![true, false, true],
+));
+
 test_type!(byte_vec<Vec<u8>>(Postgres,
     "E'\\\\xDEADBEEF'::bytea"
         == vec![0xDE_u8, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF],
@@ -41,6 +49,14 @@ test_prepared_type!(byte_slice<&[u8]>(Postgres,
         == &[0_u8, 0, 0, 0, 0x52][..]
 ));
 
+test_type!(byte_array_empty<[u8; 0]>(Postgres,
+    "E'\\\\x'::bytea" == [0_u8; 0],
+));
+
+test_type!(byte_array<[u8; 4]>(Postgres,
+    "E'\\\\xDEADBEEF'::bytea" == [0xDE_u8, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF],
+));
+
 test_type!(str<&str>(Postgres,
     "'this is foo'" == "this is foo",
     "''" == "",
@@ -64,6 +80,10 @@ test_type!(string_vec<Vec<String>>(Postgres,
         == vec!["Hello, World", "", "Goodbye"]
 ));
 
+test_type!(string_array<[String; 3]>(Postgres,
+    "array['one','two','three']::text[]" == ["one","two","three"],
+));
+
 test_type!(i8(
     Postgres,
     "0::\"char\"" == 0_i8,
@@ -91,6 +111,14 @@ test_type!(i32_vec<Vec<i32>>(Postgres,
     "'{1,3,-5}'::int[]" == vec![1_i32, 3, -5]
 ));
 
+test_type!(i32_array_empty<[i32; 0]>(Postgres,
+    "'{}'::int[]" == [0_i32; 0],
+));
+
+test_type!(i32_array<[i32; 4]>(Postgres,
+    "'{5,10,50,100}'::int[]" == [5_i32, 10, 50, 100],
+));
+
 test_type!(i64(Postgres, "9358295312::bigint" == 9358295312_i64));
 
 test_type!(f32(Postgres, "9419.122::real" == 9419.122_f32));
@@ -339,12 +367,18 @@ mod json {
         "'[\"Hello\", \"World!\"]'::json" == json!(["Hello", "World!"])
     ));
 
-    test_type!(json_array<Vec<JsonValue>>(
+    test_type!(json_vec<Vec<JsonValue>>(
         Postgres,
         "SELECT ({0}::jsonb[] is not distinct from $1::jsonb[])::int4, {0} as _2, $2 as _3",
         "array['\"😎\"'::json, '\"🙋‍♀️\"'::json]::json[]" == vec![json!("😎"), json!("🙋‍♀️")],
     ));
 
+    test_type!(json_array<[JsonValue; 2]>(
+        Postgres,
+        "SELECT ({0}::jsonb[] is not distinct from $1::jsonb[])::int4, {0} as _2, $2 as _3",
+        "array['\"😎\"'::json, '\"🙋‍♀️\"'::json]::json[]" == [json!("😎"), json!("🙋‍♀️")],
+    ));
+
     test_type!(jsonb<JsonValue>(
         Postgres,
         "'\"Hello, World\"'::jsonb" == json!("Hello, World"),