feat(sqlx.toml): support SQLite extensions in macros and sqlx-cli (#3917)

* feat: create `sqlx.toml` format

* feat: add support for ignored_chars config to sqlx_core::migrate

* chore: test ignored_chars with `U+FEFF` (ZWNBSP/BOM)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark

* refactor: make `Config` always compiled

simplifies usage while still making parsing optional for less generated code

* refactor: add origin information to `Column`

* feat(macros): implement `type_override` and `column_override` from `sqlx.toml`

* refactor(sqlx.toml): make all keys kebab-case, create `macros.preferred-crates`

* feat: make macros aware of `macros.preferred-crates`

* feat: make `sqlx-cli` aware of `database-url-var`

* feat: teach macros about `migrate.table-name`, `migrations-dir`

* feat: teach macros about `migrate.ignored-chars`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.defaults`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.migrations-dir`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.table-name`

* feat: introduce `migrate.create-schemas`

* WIP feat: create multi-tenant database example

* SQLite extension loading via sqlx.toml for CLI and query macros

* fix: allow start_database to function when the SQLite database file does not already exist

* Added example demonstrating migration and compile-time checking with SQLite extensions

* remove accidentally included db file

* Update sqlx-core/src/config/common.rs

Doc formatting tweak

Co-authored-by: Josh McKinney <joshka@users.noreply.github.com>

* feat: create `sqlx.toml` format

* feat: add support for ignored_chars config to sqlx_core::migrate

* chore: test ignored_chars with `U+FEFF` (ZWNBSP/BOM)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark

* refactor: make `Config` always compiled

simplifies usage while still making parsing optional for less generated code

* refactor: add origin information to `Column`

* feat(macros): implement `type_override` and `column_override` from `sqlx.toml`

* refactor(sqlx.toml): make all keys kebab-case, create `macros.preferred-crates`

* feat: make macros aware of `macros.preferred-crates`

* feat: make `sqlx-cli` aware of `database-url-var`

* feat: teach macros about `migrate.table-name`, `migrations-dir`

* feat: teach macros about `migrate.ignored-chars`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.defaults`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.migrations-dir`

* feat: teach `sqlx-cli` about `migrate.table-name`

* feat: introduce `migrate.create-schemas`

* fix(postgres): don't fetch `ColumnOrigin` for transparently-prepared statements

* feat: progress on axum-multi-tenant example

* feat(config): better errors for mislabeled fields

* WIP feat: filling out axum-multi-tenant example

* feat: multi-tenant example

No longer Axum-based because filling out the request routes would have distracted from the purpose of the example.

* chore(ci): test multi-tenant example

* fixup after merge

* fix: CI, README for `multi-tenant`

* fix: clippy warnings

* fix: multi-tenant README

* fix: sequential versioning inference for migrations

* fix: migration versioning with explicit overrides

* fix: only warn on ambiguous crates if the invocation relies on it

* fix: remove unused imports

* fix: `sqlx mig add` behavior and tests

* fix: restore original type-checking order

* fix: deprecation warning in `tests/postgres/macros.rs`

* feat: create postgres/multi-database example

* fix: examples/postgres/multi-database

* fix: cargo fmt

* chore: add tests for config `migrate.defaults`

* fix: sqlx-cli/tests/add.rs

* feat(cli): add `--config` override to all relevant commands

* chore: run `sqlx mig add` test with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1`

* fix: properly canonicalize config path for `sqlx mig add` test

* fix: get `sqlx mig add` test passing

* fix(cli): test `migrate.ignored-chars`, fix bugs

* feat: create `macros.preferred-crates` example

* fix(examples): use workspace `sqlx`

* fix: examples

* fix: run `cargo fmt`

* fix: more example fixes

* fix(ci): preferred-crates setup

* fix: axum-multi-tenant example locked to specific sqlx version

* import anyhow::Context trait in sqlx-cli/src/lib.rs since it was being used and causing a compile error

* rebased on upstream/main

* make cargo fmt happy

* make clippy happy

* make clippy happier still

* fix: improved error reporting, added parsing test, removed sqlx-toml flag use

* switched to kebab-case for the config key

* switched to kebab-case for the config key

---------

Co-authored-by: Austin Bonander <austin.bonander@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Josh McKinney <joshka@users.noreply.github.com>

sqlx-cli/src/lib.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 
 use futures_util::TryFutureExt;
 
-use sqlx::{AnyConnection, Connection};
+use sqlx::AnyConnection;
 use tokio::{select, signal};
 
 use crate::opt::{Command, ConnectOpts, DatabaseCommand, MigrateCommand};
@@ -189,7 +189,28 @@ async fn do_run(opt: Opt) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 
 /// Attempt to connect to the database server, retrying up to `ops.connect_timeout`.
 async fn connect(opts: &ConnectOpts) -> anyhow::Result<AnyConnection> {
-    retry_connect_errors(opts, AnyConnection::connect).await
+    retry_connect_errors(opts, move |url| {
+        // This only handles the default case. For good support of
+        // the new command line options, we need to work out some
+        // way to make the appropriate ConfigOpt available here. I
+        // suspect that that infrastructure would be useful for
+        // other things in the future, as well, but it also seems
+        // like an extensive and intrusive change.
+        //
+        // On the other hand, the compile-time checking macros
+        // can't be configured to use a different config file at
+        // all, so I believe this is okay for the time being.
+        let config = Some(std::path::PathBuf::from("sqlx.toml")).and_then(|p| {
+            if p.exists() {
+                Some(p)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        });
+
+        async move { AnyConnection::connect_with_config(url, config.clone()).await }
+    })
+    .await
 }
 
 /// Attempt an operation that may return errors like `ConnectionRefused`,