Adds function to await for readiness on the TcpStream and non-blocking read/write functions.
`async fn TcpStream::ready(Interest)` waits for socket readiness satisfying **any** of the specified
interest. There are also two shorthand functions, `readable()` and `writable()`.
Once the stream is in a ready state, the caller may perform non-blocking operations on it using
`try_read()` and `try_write()`. These function return `WouldBlock` if the stream is not, in fact, ready.
The await readiness function are similar to `AsyncFd`, but do not require a guard. The guard in
`AsyncFd` protect against a potential race between receiving the readiness notification and clearing
it. The guard is needed as Tokio does not control the operations. With `TcpStream`, the `try_read()`
and `try_write()` function handle clearing stream readiness as needed.
This also exposes `Interest` and `Ready`, both defined in Tokio as wrappers for Mio types. These
types will also be useful for fixing #3072 .
Other I/O types, such as `TcpListener`, `UdpSocket`, `Unix*` should get similar functions, but this
is left for later PRs.
Refs: #3130
* Removes duplicated code by moving it to `Registration`.
* impl `Deref` for `PollEvented` to avoid `get_ref()`.
* Avoid extra waker clones in I/O driver.
* Add `Interest` wrapper around `mio::Interest`.
* io: Add AsyncFd
This adds AsyncFd, a unix-only structure to allow for read/writability states
to be monitored for arbitrary file descriptors.
Issue: #2728
* driver: fix shutdown notification unreliability
Previously, there was a race window in which an IO driver shutting down could
fail to notify ScheduledIo instances of this state; in particular, notification
of outstanding ScheduledIo registrations was driven by `Driver::drop`, but
registrations bypass `Driver` and go directly to a `Weak<Inner>`. The `Driver`
holds the `Arc<Inner>` keeping `Inner` alive, but it's possible that a new
handle could be registered (or a new readiness future created for an existing
handle) after the `Driver::drop` handler runs and prior to `Inner` being
dropped.
This change fixes this in two parts: First, notification of outstanding
ScheduledIo handles is pushed down into the drop method of `Inner` instead,
and, second, we add state to ScheduledIo to ensure that we remember that the IO
driver we're bound to has shut down after the initial shutdown notification, so
that subsequent readiness future registrations can immediately return (instead
of potentially blocking indefinitely).
Fixes: #2924
This refactors I/O registration in a few ways:
- Cleans up the cached readiness in `PollEvented`. This cache used to
be helpful when readiness was a linked list of `*mut Node`s in
`Registration`. Previous refactors have turned `Registration` into just
an `AtomicUsize` holding the current readiness, so the cache is just
extra work and complexity. Gone.
- Polling the `Registration` for readiness now gives a `ReadyEvent`,
which includes the driver tick. This event must be passed back into
`clear_readiness`, so that the readiness is only cleared from `Registration`
if the tick hasn't changed. Previously, it was possible to clear the
readiness even though another thread had *just* polled the driver and
found the socket ready again.
- Registration now also contains an `async fn readiness`, which stores
wakers in an instrusive linked list. This allows an unbounded number
of tasks to register for readiness (previously, only 1 per direction (read
and write)). By using the intrusive linked list, there is no concern of
leaking the storage of the wakers, since they are stored inside the `async fn`
and released when the future is dropped.
- Registration retains a `poll_readiness(Direction)` method, to support
`AsyncRead` and `AsyncWrite`. They aren't able to use `async fn`s, and
so there are 2 reserved slots for those methods.
- IO types where it makes sense to have multiple tasks waiting on them
now take advantage of this new `async fn readiness`, such as `UdpSocket`
and `UnixDatagram`.
Additionally, this makes the `io-driver` "feature" internal-only (no longer
documented, not part of public API), and adds a second internal-only
feature, `io-readiness`, to group together linked list part of registration
that is only used by some of the IO types.
After a bit of discussion, changing stream-based transports (like
`TcpStream`) to have `async fn read(&self)` is punted, since that
is likely too easy of a footgun to activate.
Refs: #2779, #2728
The I/O driver uses a slab to store per-resource state. Doing this
provides two benefits. First, allocating state is streamlined. Second,
resources may be safely indexed using a `usize` type. The `usize` is
used passed to the OS's selector when registering for receiving events.
The original slab implementation used a `Vec` backed by `RwLock`. This
primarily caused contention when reading state. This implementation also
only **grew** the slab capacity but never shrank. In #1625, the slab was
rewritten to use a lock-free strategy. The lock contention was removed
but this implementation was still grow-only.
This change adds the ability to release memory. Similar to the previous
implementation, it structures the slab to use a vector of pages. This
enables growing the slab without having to move any previous entries. It
also adds the ability to release pages. This is done by introducing a
lock when allocating/releasing slab entries. This does not impact
benchmarks, primarily due to the existing implementation not being
"done" and also having a lock around allocating and releasing.
A `Slab::compact()` function is added. Pages are iterated. When a page
is found with no slots in use, the page is freed. The `compact()`
function is called occasionally by the I/O driver.
Fixes#2505
JoinHandle of threads created by the pool are now tracked and properly joined at
shutdown. If the thread does not return within the timeout, then it's not joined and
left to the OS for cleanup.
Also, break a cycle between wakers held by the timer and the runtime.
Fixes#2641, #2535
Add additional methods to allow PollEvented to be created with an appropriate
mio::Ready state, so that it can be properly registered with the reactor.
Fixes#2413
## Motivation
#2174
On epoll platforms, the read end of a pipe closing is signaled to the write end
through the `EPOLLERR` event [[1](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/epoll_ctl.2.html)]. If readiness is not registered for this
event, it will silently pass through `epoll_wait` calls.
Additionally, this specific case that `EPOLLERR` is triggered leaves the write
end of the pipe (parent process) waiting for a wakeup that never occurs.
## Solution
Similar to the `HUP` event on Unix platforms, errors are now always masked
through registrations so that both read and write ends of a connection are made
aware of errors.
In cases where pipes are used and the read end closes, write ends that are
waiting for a wakeup are properly notified and try to write again. This allows
a client to observe `BrokenPipe` and go through the proper cleanup and/or
restablishment of connection.
Closes#2174
Signed-off-by: Kevin Leimkuhler <kevin@kleimkuhler.com>
See discussion in #2222. This wake/notify call has been there in one
form or another since the very early days of tokio. Currently though, it
is not clear that it is needed; the contract for polling is that you
must keep polling until you get `Pending`, so doing a wakeup when we are
about to return `Ready` is premature.
Tweak context to remove more fns and usage of `Option`. Remove
`ThreadContext` struct as it is reduced to just `Handle`. Avoid passing
around individual driver handles and instead limit to the
`runtime::Handle` struct.
Previously, thread-locals used by the various drivers were situated
with the driver code. This resulted in state being spread out and many
thread-locals being required to run a runtime.
This PR coalesces the thread-locals into a single struct.
* runtime: cleanup and add config options
This patch finishes the cleanup as part of the transition to Tokio 0.2.
A number of changes were made to take advantage of having all Tokio
types in a single crate. Also, fixes using Tokio types from
`spawn_blocking`.
* Many threads, one resource driver
Previously, in the threaded scheduler, a resource driver (mio::Poll /
timer combo) was created per thread. This was more or less fine, except
it required balancing across the available drivers. When using a
resource driver from **outside** of the thread pool, balancing is
tricky. The change was original done to avoid having a dedicated driver
thread.
Now, instead of creating many resource drivers, a single resource driver
is used. Each scheduler thread will attempt to "lock" the resource
driver before parking on it. If the resource driver is already locked,
the thread uses a condition variable to park. Contention should remain
low as, under load, the scheduler avoids using the drivers.
* Add configuration options to enable I/O / time
New configuration options are added to `runtime::Builder` to allow
enabling I/O and time drivers on a runtime instance basis. This is
useful when wanting to create lightweight runtime instances to execute
compute only tasks.
* Bug fixes
The condition variable parker is updated to the same algorithm used in
`std`. This is motivated by some potential deadlock cases discovered by
`loom`.
The basic scheduler is fixed to fairly schedule tasks. `push_front` was
accidentally used instead of `push_back`.
I/O, time, and spawning now work from within `spawn_blocking` closures.
* Misc cleanup
The threaded scheduler is no longer generic over `P :Park`. Instead, it
is hard coded to a specific parker. Tests, including loom tests, are
updated to use `Runtime` directly. This provides greater coverage.
The `blocking` module is moved back into `runtime` as all usage is
within `runtime` itself.
The I/O driver is made private and moved to `tokio::io::driver`. `Registration` is
moved to `tokio::io::Registration` and `PollEvented` is moved to `tokio::io::PollEvented`.
Additionally, the concurrent slab used by the I/O driver is cleaned up and extracted to
`tokio::util::slab`, allowing it to eventually be used by other types.
